Gene Loss

Publication Details

Identifier: JB_RURHUE

Curator: Nádia Silva

Title:

Inactivation of thermogenic UCP1 as a historical contingency in multiple placental mammal clades.

Abstract:

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and is widely accepted to have played a key thermoregulatory role in small-bodied and neonatal placental mammals that enabled the exploitation of cold environments. We map ucp1 sequences from 133 mammals onto a species tree constructed from a ~51-kb sequence alignment and show that inactivating mutations have occurred in at least 8 of the 18 traditional placental orders, thereby challenging the physiological importance of UCP1 across Placentalia. Selection and timetree analyses further reveal that ucp1 inactivations temporally correspond with strong secondary reductions in metabolic intensity in xenarthrans and pangolins, or in six other lineages coincided with a ~30 million-year episode of global cooling in the Paleogene that promoted sharp increases in body mass and cladogenesis evident in the fossil record. Our findings also demonstrate that members of various lineages (for example, cetaceans, horses, woolly mammoths, Steller's sea cows) evolved extreme cold hardiness in the absence of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis. Finally, we identify ucp1 inactivation as a historical contingency that is linked to the current low species diversity of clades lacking functional UCP1, thus providing the first evidence for species selection related to the presence or absence of a single gene product.

Last update:

13-12-2024

Associated Glosses (31 results)

GlossID	Species	Symbol	Gene Loss Mechanism	Loss Type	Lineage Specific	Citation
GL_MUR7OM	Manis pentadactyla	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_NOU4WY	Equus przewalskii	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	Equidae	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_NPX9HG	Procavia capensis	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	Hyracoidea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_NUG7JG	Balaenoptera physalus	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	Cetacea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_OZYEAJ	Dasypus novemcinctus	UCP2	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_QDVS8A	Tursiops truncatus	UCP1	Gene deletion	Full	Cetacea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_RCIPBO	Orcinus orca	UCP1	Gene deletion	Full	Cetacea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_T3FZZR	Elephas maximus	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	Proboscidea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_TYZEF8	Lipotes vexillifer	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	Cetacea	10.1126/sciadv.1602878
GL_WP4INZ	Sus cebifrons	UCP1	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1126/sciadv.1602878