Gene Loss

GlossID	Species	Gene Loss Mechanism	Loss Type	Lineage Specific	Evidence	Accession Nr.
GL_EZOGNH	Orcinus orca	Exon(s) deletion	Full	Yes	Genomic

Type	Excerpt	DOI
Methodology & Validation	"For a gene to be classified as lost, we require that a lineage, which descends from an ancestor with an intact gene, exhibits several gene-inactivating mutations that most likely result in a non-functional protein. As gene-inactivating mutations, we consider frameshifting insertions and deletions, inframe stop codon mutations, and splice site-disrupting mutations. In addition, we consider the loss of exons or even entire genes, which could occur due to either large deletions in the genome or the accumulation of numerous mutations that destroy any sequence similarity. For all previously unknown gene losses presented here, we further confirmed the loss by validating the gene-inactivating mutations with unassembled sequencing reads from the respective species."	10.1038/s41467-018-03667-1
Timing of Loss	"(…) shared inactivating mutations show that the loss of DSG4, TGM5 and GSDMA already happened before the split of the toothed and baleen whale lineage. "	10.1038/s41467-018-03667-1
Phenotypic	"(…) mutations in GSDMA3 alone cause alopecia, a thicker epidermis and dermis, and absent hair follicle associated sebaceous glands."	10.1038/s41467-018-03667-1

Sup Figure 13 & 17; Sup Table 4

GL_ID	Symbol	Species	Order	Gene Loss Mechanism	Loss Type	Lineage Specific	Citation
GL_Q6EWTH	GSDMA	Orcinus orca	Artiodactyla	Gene deletion	Full	No	10.1038/s41598-017-17782-4