Gene Loss

Reference Gene

Gene name	Alias	Species	Exons	Type	Paralogs	EC number	OMIM
GNAT2 G protein subunit alpha transducin 2	HG1D , ACHM4 , GNATC	Homo sapiens	9	protein-coding	GNAO1 , GNAL , GNAS , GNAI3 , GNAZ , GNAI1 , GNA13 , GNA12 , GNA14 , GNA11 , GNAQ , GNAT3 , GNAT1 , GNAI2		139340

Summary

Transducin is a 3-subunit guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) which stimulates the coupling of rhodopsin and cGMP-phoshodiesterase during visual impulses. The transducin alpha subunits in rods and cones are encoded by separate genes. This gene encodes the alpha subunit in cones. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GeneOntology

Function (1)

Go ID	Value	Evidence
0008020	enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity	NAS

Component (11)

Go ID	Value	Evidence
0005737	is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA
0005834	part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IBA
0005834	part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	NAS
0001917	is_active_in photoreceptor inner segment	IBA
0001917	located_in photoreceptor inner segment	IDA
0001750	is_active_in photoreceptor outer segment	IBA
0001750	located_in photoreceptor outer segment	IDA
0001750	located_in photoreceptor outer segment	ISS
0042622	located_in photoreceptor outer segment membrane	ISS
0005886	located_in plasma membrane	TAS
0045202	located_in synapse	IEA

Process (23)

Go ID	Value	Evidence
0007186	involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	NAS
0051938	involved_in L-glutamate import	IEA
0007188	involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA
0120302	involved_in background adaptation	IEA
0000902	involved_in cell morphogenesis	IEA
1904390	involved_in cone retinal bipolar cell differentiation	IEA
0001580	involved_in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste	IBA
0050908	involved_in detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception	IMP
0042417	involved_in dopamine metabolic process	IEA
0010467	involved_in gene expression	IEA
0048877	involved_in homeostasis of number of retina cells	IEA
0097719	involved_in neural tissue regeneration	IEA
0007602	involved_in phototransduction	NAS
0007204	involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	IEA
0008104	involved_in protein localization	IEA
0150103	involved_in reactive gliosis	IEA
0009411	involved_in response to UV	IEA
0014070	involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEA
0046549	involved_in retinal cone cell development	IEA
0060221	involved_in retinal rod cell differentiation	IEA
0048771	involved_in tissue remodeling	IEA
0007632	involved_in visual behavior	IEA
0007601	involved_in visual perception	NAS

Gene Loss events - GNAT2 (6 results)

GL_ID	Species	Order	Gene Loss Mechanism	Loss Type	Lineage Specific	Citation
GL_8BUMMC	Chrysochloris asiatica	Afrosoricida	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/icb/icy004
GL_JCBHQ2	Eschrichtius robustus	Artiodactyla	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/molbev/msaa070
GL_NYR2SP	Dasypus novemcinctus	Cingulata	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/icb/icy004
GL_RNLP10	Mesoplodon stejnegeri	Artiodactyla	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/molbev/msaa070
GL_RYTBVZ	Caperea marginata	Artiodactyla	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/molbev/msaa070
GL_SYLEOL	Balaenoptera bonaerensis	Artiodactyla	LOF (frameshift, premature stop, ss)	Full	No	10.1093/molbev/msaa070